Abstract |
By 2025, South Korea is expected to become a super-aged society, which may lead to increased healthcare costs and
demand for older adult care. Expanding physical therapy is a crucial strategy to enhance public health and reduce medical
expenditures. Countries such as the United States and Canada have successfully integrated independent physical therapy
clinics, improving access to rehabilitation while lowering healthcare costs. South Korea has made progress by
standardizing physical therapy education and requiring clinical training of healthcare personnel before licensure. However,
legal restrictions and opposition from medical associations limit professional autonomy. Despite concerns that
independent physical therapy may increase costs and risks, international studies have shown that direct access improves
patient outcomes and reduces overall healthcare spending. Given the increasing prevalence of chronic diseases,
particularly cardiovascular conditions, physical therapists are taking on more critical roles in preventive and rehabilitative
care. Advanced healthcare systems worldwide have effectively incorporated cardiopulmonary rehabilitation, whereas South
Korea faces challenges in expanding such services despite heart disease being a leading cause of death. This study
examined the current state of physical therapy in South Korea and highlighted the structural barriers and need for policy
reforms. Establishing physical therapists as primary healthcare providers can improve access to care, reduce reliance on
costly medical interventions, and promote long-term economic sustainability. By implementing legal and institutional
changes, South Korea can develop a more efficient and globally competitive healthcare system. Strengthening the
professional autonomy of physical therapists is both a career advancement issue and a strategic necessity for public
health and healthcare sustainability. |